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No young woman experiences addiction in the exact same way. However, trends show that the female experience of addiction differs from the male experience in many ways, and it’s time we recognised this. From social pressures to mental health risks, when young women come out of alcohol rehab, they are dealing with much more than sobriety.
Let’s explore these unique challenges together and discuss how we can tailor addiction treatment to better support teen and young adult women.
Why Addiction Impacts Young Women Differently
Both age and sex can impact how we experience addiction.
1. Age
You may have heard that the brain finishes developing at age 25. This is a huge oversimplification, but it stems from a scientific truth: parts of the brain keep developing well into our twenties, and possibly even thirties.
When developing brains collide with addiction, the potential consequences may be much more severe and long-lasting. This is because:
● Adolescent brains are wired to seek novelty and reward
● Stress response systems are heightened (linked to anxiety, depression etc)
● Planning and organisation is harder for the teen brain
What does this mean for young women?
They’re more susceptible to addiction than older women, particularly if they’re dealing with mental health issues.
They may feel a stronger desire to drink or use drugs in the first place (reward-seeking), as well as difficulty assessing the risks involved. Ultimately, this means they’re prone to acting on their desires impulsively.
2. Sex
Addiction affects both sexes, but men are more likely to battle addiction to illicit substances than women.
Because of this, along with the fact that women are more likely to seek treatment such as alcohol detox, there’s a common assumption that addiction is easier on women.
However, women experience unique challenges when it comes to addiction.
They’re more vulnerable to the “telescoping effect”, which refers to the faster progression of alcohol addiction compared to men.
The telescoping effect can increase the risk of alcohol-related health disorders, as well as making early intervention harder, delaying recovery significantly.
What Unique Challenges Do Young Women Face in Addiction Recovery?
We know that young women are more vulnerable to a rapid progression of addiction, but what happens when they pursue long-term recovery?
Plenty of women complete treatment programmes at drug and alcohol rehabs every month. Some will relapse then refocus on sobriety, some will return to their addiction indefinitely, and others will prioritise sobriety for the rest of their lives.
Within this scope, all women face sex-specific challenges in the recovery process.
1. Family Pressures
The “eldest daughter” trope has taught us that families often place emotional responsibility on their first-born daughters. We can generalise this even more; daughters are commonly expected to be the family therapist, mediating relationships to keep the peace.
For young women in recovery, dealing with this pressure alongside staying sober can be overwhelming. Even though these women need more care and support than usual, they may find themselves in their usual role of carrying the weight of family problems.
Perhaps there is an expectation for them to be the “perfect” daughter, while male relatives are off the hook. Adolescent women can internalise shame when they feel they aren’t meeting their family’s expectations, and this can increase their relapse risk.
2. Social Pressures
Young women face pressure to be successful, beautiful, confident, slim, the list goes on.
It’s no secret that drug or alcohol addiction can seriously damage our mental health and physical health. When women are recovering, they may feel ashamed that they aren’t meeting society’s expectations of what’s acceptable for a woman. For example, many people receiving treatment for addiction gain an excessive amount of weight. Women are more likely to be judged for this, and are also more susceptible to eating disorders, resulting in serious consequences to their physical and mental health.
When women seek support for this, they may feel dismissed, as their male counterparts tend to receive more social support when recovering from addiction.
3. Mental Health
Depression, anxiety and eating disorders are more common in women than men.
In addiction recovery, young women with these conditions have to learn to cope with their symptoms without using substances as an escape. This can involve:
● Therapy (individual, group, family etc)
● Counselling
● Journalling
● Exercise
● Mindfulness
● Yoga
● Support networks
● Meditation
Turning to healthy coping mechanisms instead of drug-taking requires a huge amount of resilience.
What Do Young Women Need in Recovery?
For young women to feel valued and supported in a recovery setting, we must recognise the unique challenges that they face, as well as acknowledging individual differences.
Young women benefit from:
1. Mental health support
All rehab patients need adequate mental health support, but given the increased rate of mental health conditions in young women, it should be a key priority in treatment centres.
Instead of generic mental health guidance, inpatient rehabs should be offering specialist treatment to young women, such as trauma-informed therapy, group therapy for depression, or workshops on eating disorders.
2. Peer community
Women benefit from sharing their challenges with one another, and realising other women can relate to their journey.
Building this sense of community at rehab can produce benefits for years down the line, as women may stay in touch with one another after their treatment, or simply remember what they learnt from the other women they recovered alongside.
3. Body image work
With more women experiencing eating disorders, it’s crucial for rehabs to be incorporating body image work into their practice.
Even if most patients haven’t struggled with body image, this is a great preventative measure to combat intense societal pressures.
4. Healthy relationship education
Women who use substances are more likely to experience intimate partner violence (IPV), and other gender-based violence, than men.
Healthy relationship education enables these women to learn the signs of abusive relationships, helping them to stay safe.
For those that are in healthy relationships, it’s still important to access this education, both for risk mitigation within any romantic relationships, and for a good understanding of how they should be treated by others in general.
Addiction puts strain on even the healthiest of relationships, so learning about concepts such as codependency helps women to ensure their relationships stay stable.
5. Women-only environments
For some women, recovering in a women-only environment is healing. Whether they have suffered from male violence, or simply feel more comfortable getting sober around other women, providing them with this opportunity can lead to improved sobriety rates.
That being said, it’s important not to generalise here. Some women feel more uncomfortable in women-only environments, for reasons such as having negative experiences with women.
Conclusion
Whilst patients should always be treated as individuals, there’s no doubt that young women often share similar experiences of addiction and recovery. Treatment should reflect this.
Tailored, women-centred solutions, including mental health support and peer community, target key struggles faced by young women, and reduce the risk of relapse.
